The paper presents an investigation on the Critical Success Factors (CSFs) of the implementation of Total Quality Management (TQM) in Libyan construction organisations. A thorough review of literature has been carried out to identify the CSFs, which were then used to develop a questionnaire. Of 200 questionnaires distributed to contractors in Tripoli, 130 were completed and returned, representing a response of 65 per cent. Among of these participating organisations about two-third are from the public sector, and the rest from the private sector.